Potential of anisum extract in managing osteonecrosis: A comprehensive review with nanotechnology perspective

Abstract

This comprehensive review explores the therapeutic potential of Anisum extract in the management of osteonecrosis, a severe bone disorder characterized by bone cell death and joint collapse due to disrupted blood flow. The pathophysiological complexities of osteonecrosis demand a deeper understanding and alternative treatments beyond conventional surgical options like total hip arthroplasty. Anisum extract, known for its potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, offers a promising adjunct therapy due to its ability to enhance blood flow and mitigate inflammatory responses at early stages of the disease. Current treatment strategies primarily focus on surgical interventions and pharmacological management, which often come too late in the disease course or fail to halt the progression effectively. The review discusses the limitations of existing treatments and highlights the necessity for innovative approaches that can prevent or reverse the condition's onset. Anisum extract's potential to improve blood supply and reduce inflammation could play a crucial role in preventing osteonecrosis or aiding in its treatment during early stages before irreversible bone damage occurs. The review summarizes experimental studies where Anisum extract demonstrated significant benefits in animal models, improving bone markers such as osteocalcin and calcitonin, reducing oxidative stress markers like MDA and SOD, and enhancing renal function. These findings suggest that Anisum extract could significantly contribute to osteonecrosis management, warranting further clinical studies to refine dosing and application to maximize its therapeutic efficacy. In addition, recent advances in nanotechnology suggest that nanoscale bioactive compounds in Anisum extract may enhance its therapeutic efficiency by improving bioavailability, cellular interaction, and targeted delivery. These nano-enabled properties could further strengthen its role as an innovative approach for osteonecrosis management.