Numerical analysis of a single-diode photovoltaic cell model using NRM and SET algorithms with perspectives on nanotechnology-enhanced solar cells

Abstract

The careful identification of modeling parameters particular to the device under study is necessary for the realistic simulation of a photovoltaic solar cell. Five parameters , , , , and  must be established in the case of the single diode model. In general, these values can be determined using analytical or numerical approaches. Although analytical methods are quick and easy to use, the assumptions and simplifications they incorporate to deal with a solar cell's non-linear properties could lead to inaccurate modeling. This paper describes two numerical strategies for solving an equation for a PV cell with a single diode utilizing two appropriate approximations: the Newton Raphson (NRM) and Householder's (SET) algorithms. Two rounds of the nonlinear function are required in the new suggested technique. The suggested algorithm's progression is based on NRM. The major goal of this project is to create a circuit-based simulation model of a photovoltaic (PV) cell that can be used to predict how the electrical behavior of a real cell would change as a function of variables including open circuit voltage, load resistance, and short current. According to the findings, the output is nonlinear in nature and demonstrates that the proposed technique NRM is more convenient to use, efficient, and accurate than the previous numerical approach provided SET. In parallel with numerical optimization techniques, recent advances in nanotechnology have played a significant role in improving photovoltaic (PV) cell performance. Nanostructured materials, such as quantum dots, nanowires, and thin-film nanolayers, enhance light absorption, charge transport, and overall conversion efficiency. The accurate numerical modeling of PV cells, as presented in this study, is essential for understanding and optimizing the electrical behavior of nanotechnology-enhanced solar cells, thereby supporting the development of high-efficiency next-generation photovoltaic systems.