Evaluation of influence of different parameters on positron radiation emitter 18F- Fuorodeoxyglucose uptake for positron emission tomography/computed tomography scans in tumors and healthy organs

Abstract

Background: In nuclear medicine diagnostics, nanomaterials are being utilized more and more to enhance radiotracer performance and targeting in imaging modalities including Positron Emission Tomography and Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography. They improve picture quality, sensitivity, and specificity for early illness diagnosis due to their small size and capacity to transport radioactive isotopes. Clinical practice frequently uses Positron Emission Tomography/Computerized Tomography (PET/CT) as a routine procedure for imaging cancer and other disorders. Even though there are other radiotracers available, 18F-FDG is the most often used one. Protocols for patients' appropriate preparation prior to 18F-FDG injection are recommended by international PET/CT guidelines, specifically for patients with diabetes. Objective: This study aims to investigate the influence of various factors on the maximum SUV measurements in normal and tumor organs, such as body weight and body mass index. Methods: A total of 300 patients, consisting of 173 females, 127 males, aged between 18 and 88 years., are selected retrospectively. Every patient had undergone 18F-FDG utilizing the established imaging technique. Before undergoing PET-CT imaging, all patients abstained from eating for a minimum of 6 hours, and their blood glucose levels (BGL) while fasting are within the normal range. Following the intravenous infusion of 18F-FDG The whole-body PET/CT scan is performed approximately 45-90 minutes after the injection of 18F-FDG, and images are taken from the top of the head to the upper thigh area. The factors examined included the administered dose of 18FFDG (in mCi), age (in years), BGL (in mg/dl), height (H) (in cm), and weight (W)(in kg). The BMI is computed and the SUV max is determined based on the BMI and 18F-FDG. Results: After conducting the necessary statistical calculations, the results indicated a substantial rise in SUV values among individuals who are obese. BMI is the most effective independent variable in predicting the SUV value. Conclusions: Understanding the natural absorption of 18F-FDG and the standard uptake values (SUVs) of normal and tumor organs is necessary to accurately interpret whole-body 18F-FDG-PET/ CT studies.