Wear rate, surface temperature, and nanoscaled tribo film formation in A319 and brass due to rotational speed

Abstract

This study utilizes an ASTM G99 pin-on-disc tribometer to examine how rotational speed affects the wear behaviour and surface temperature of aluminum alloy 319 (A319) and brass under dry sliding circumstances. The studies are done at room temperature with 0.5 kg of load and 1000–1400 rpm rotating speeds. Materials' tribological reactions are assessed by measuring wear rate and surface temperature. The two metals show opposing tendencies. Rotational speed increased brass wear due to frictional heating and the disintegration of nanoscale protective oxide layers. Nanoparticles generate during sliding contact detach faster, weakening and wearing the surface. The wear rate of aluminum alloy 319 decreases with higher rotational speed due to the creation of a thick Al₂O₃ tribo layer with nanoscale nanoparticles, acting as a protective barrier. Small oxide nanoparticles stabilize surfaces and reduce metal-to-metal contact. Increased heat conductivity in A319 decreases surface softening. Oxidative and abrasive wear processes create and remove nanoscale particles while sliding, as have shown by optical microscopy grooves, oxide coatings, and microcracks. By affecting wear response through thermal mechanical interactions and nanoparticle generation, rotational speed can optimize operating parameters and material selection for high-speed mechanical applications.