Quantitative analysis and calibration curve of human gallstone using LIBS technology for nanotechnological application

Authors

  • Ali Maher alshammari Sfax University, Science College, Laboratory of Applied Physics, Department of Physics, BP 1171 Sfax, Tunisia Author
  • Tagreed K Hamad Al-Nahrain University, Engineering College, Laser and Optoelectronics Department, Baghdad, Iraq Author
  • Alaa Jabbar Ghazai Al-Nahrain University, Science College, Medical Physics Department, Baghdad, Iraq Author
  • Mohamed Dammak Sfax University, Science College, Laboratory of Applied Physics, Department of Physics, BP 1171 Sfax, Tunisia Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56053/10.1.131

Keywords:

LIBS, Gallbladder stones, ICP-OES

Abstract

In this study, quantitative and qualitative analysis of gallstones collected from Iraq patients living in Baghdad, Iraq have been done using LIBS technique. Firstly, to determine the concentration of collected gallstone elements, a calibration curve has been proposed as spectral line intensity against element concentrations. The elements within the stones are divided into two parts. the first one is phosphors (P), sodium (Na), magnesium (Mg), copper (Cu), aluminium (Al) and sulphur (S), while the second one are trace elements such as bismuth, boron, titanium, and antimuon.  The results of the ICP-OES calibration demonstrated excellent linearity across all analysed elements, with correlation coefficients (R²) exceeding 0.98, indicating robust regression models. Magnesium (Mg) and aluminium (Al) exhibited the highest sensitivities due to efficient emission at their selected wavelengths, while sulphur (S) showed
lower sensitivity, likely due to weaker spectral lines indicated that it is possible to use this technique to analyse the elements within the gallstone faster and more accurate than any other techniques. clarify that ICP-OES is used as a reference technique to be compared with LIBS.

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Published

2026-01-15

Issue

2026: Volume 10 Issue 1

Section

Articles

How to Cite

Quantitative analysis and calibration curve of human gallstone using LIBS technology for nanotechnological application. (2026). Experimental and Theoretical NANOTECHNOLOGY, 10(1), 131-139. https://doi.org/10.56053/10.1.131